Tranceformation: Hypnosis in Mind, Brain and Body

Hypnosis was the first Western form of psychotherapy, yet it remains underutilized in part
because of insufficient understanding of its neural basis. Hypnosis involves highly focused attention,
coupled with dissociation of aspects of awareness, an increase in cognitive flexibility, and an enhanced
ability to modulate perception. Considerable evidence has emerged regarding this regarding underlying
brain mechanisms, including studies employing event-related potentials, PET and fMRI. Our recent
resting state fMRI data demonstrate functional connectivity between the executive control and salience
networks among high but not low hypnotizable individuals. The hypnotic state involves reduced activity
in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (key region in the salience network), heightened functional
connectivity between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (executive control network) and the insula,
and inverse functional connectivity between the left DLPFC and the posterior cingulate cortex, part of
the default mode network. The hypnotic ability to modulate perception has clear clinical application,
especially in pain and anxiety control. Randomized clinical trials that we have conducted demonstrate
the efficacy of hypnosis in reducing pain, anxiety, somatic complications, and procedure duration during
radiological interventions. It has been shown to reduce pain for women with metastatic breast cancer
by 50% over the course of a year on similar analgesic medication regimens to those of controls.
Despite this progress in understanding the neural basis of hypnosis, it remains drastically
underutilized. For example, some 500,000 Americans have died of opioid overdoses in the past decade,
while hypnotic analgesia has been largely ignored. People tend to view hypnosis as either useless (a
parlor trick) or dangerous. It is really dangerously effective. We have decided to make hypnosis as
widely available as possible by developing a digital interactive hypnosis app, Reveri, downloadable from
the App Store and Google Play, with automated programs for testing hypnotizability, and learning how
to better cope with stress, focus, pain, insomnia, eating, drinking, and smoking problems. We have
some 5,000 users a month from 130 countries. Hypnosis apps have been developed by other.

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